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# Daikin Chiller (RTU) Emulator
This project is an Arduino-based emulator for a Daikin Chiller unit, communicating over Modbus RTU. It is designed to be a flexible template that can be adapted to simulate different types of chillers by modifying the configuration and state logic.
The emulator operates on a state machine with three core states:
* **Standby**: The chiller is idle but ready.
* **Running**: The chiller is active and operational.
* **Fail**: The chiller has encountered a fault condition.
## Features
* **Modbus RTU Communication**: Emulates a Modbus slave device.
* **State Machine Logic**: Simulates different operational states (Standby, Running, Fail).
* **Dynamic Value Simulation**: Uses "Strategies" (e.g., PID, Ramp) to generate realistic, changing values for Modbus points.
* **Configurable Modbus Map**: The entire Modbus register map is defined in a single, easy-to-modify file (`config.h`).
* **Extensible Design**: The structure allows for the addition of new states and behaviors.
## Hardware Prerequisites
The code is written for an ESP8266/ESP32-style microcontroller with WiFi capabilities and at least one hardware serial port for RS485 communication.
* **Microcontroller**: ESP8266, ESP32, or similar.
* **RS485 Transceiver**: A module like the MAX485 to interface with the Modbus RTU bus.
## Software Dependencies
This project relies on a Modbus library. Ensure you have the correct library installed in your Arduino IDE.
* **Modbus Library**: The code uses a library that provides `ModbusRTU.h` and optionally `ModbusIP_ESP8266.h`.
---
## How to Customize for a New Chiller
To adapt this template for a new chiller, follow these steps.
### 1. Configure Device-Specific Parameters (`config.h`)
Open `CH_Daikin_AWV026B_RTU/config.h`. This is the main file for device-specific settings.
#### Modbus RTU Settings
Update the following constants for your device's serial communication setup.
```c++
const int BAUDRATE = 19200; // The serial communication speed
const int RX_PIN = 17; // The GPIO pin for receiving data (RX)
const int TX_PIN = 16; // The GPIO pin for transmitting data (TX)
const int RST_PIN = 4; // The GPIO pin for RS485 direction control
const int MODBUS_ID = 1; // The unique slave ID for this device

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/**
* @file State_Fail.cpp
* @brief Implementation of the FailState class.
* @author Emmanuel Hernandez Cruz
* @date 2025-09-05
*
* This file contains the implementation for the FailState, which defines
* the behavior of the equipment when it has entered a fault condition.
*/
#include "States/State_Standby.h"
#include "States/State_Fail.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_Point.h"
#include "Equipment/Equipment.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_SingleValue.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_PID.h"
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#if defined(USE_MODBUS_IP)
#include <ModbusIP_ESP8266.h>
#else
#include <ModbusRTU.h>
#endif
/**
* @brief Constructs a new FailState object.
*
* This constructor receives a list of alarm descriptions and creates strategies
* to set the corresponding Modbus points to a value of 1, indicating an
* active alarm. It also initializes a PID strategy for the valve position.
*/
template<>
FailState<ModbusRTU>::FailState(const std::vector<std::string>& activeAlarms) {
// Simulate a failure: set common alarm and a specific fan alarm.
}
/**
* @brief Executes the fail state's logic for one update cycle.
*
* This method checks the "Clear Alm" Modbus point for a command to transition
* back to Standby, which would typically happen after a fault is cleared by a
* user. If no transition is requested, it continues to apply the failure strategies.
*
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
* @return A pointer to a new State if a transition should occur, otherwise nullptr.
*/
template<>
State<ModbusRTU>* FailState<ModbusRTU>::update(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// STATE control, add conditions if change to a different state is needed
Serial.println("Fail update function");
_applyStrategies(equipment);
return nullptr;
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when entering the fail state. Sets the main alarm bit.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void FailState<ModbusRTU>::enterState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Logic to run when the equipment enters this state
Serial.println("Enter Fail State...");
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when exiting the fail state. Clears the main alarm bit.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void FailState<ModbusRTU>::exitState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Cleanup logic to run when the equipment leaves this state
Serial.println("Exit Fail State...");
}

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/**
* @file State_Running.cpp
* @brief Implementation of the RunningState class.
* @author Emmanuel Hernandez Cruz
* @date 2025-09-05
*
* This file contains the implementation for the RunningState, which defines
* the behavior of the equipment when it is actively running.
*/
#include "States/State_Standby.h"
#include "States/State_Running.h"
#include "States/State_Fail.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_Behavior.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_PID.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_Ramp.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_Totalizer.h"
#include "Equipment/Equipment.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_Point.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_FloatDecorator.h"
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#if defined(USE_MODBUS_IP)
#include <ModbusIP_ESP8266.h>
#else
#include <ModbusRTU.h>
#endif
/**
* @brief Constructs a new RunningState object.
*
* This constructor initializes behavior strategies active during the running
* state, such as a PID controller for the 'CW Valve Position' and totalizers
* for the run-hours of each EC fan.
*/
template<>
RunningState<ModbusRTU>::RunningState() {
//Add strategies
//addStrategy("Actual Capacity", new PIDStrategy("Active SP", 1000, "Supply Temp"));
}
/**
* @brief Executes the running state's logic for one update cycle.
*
* This method first checks for state transition commands:
* 1. It reads the "ON/OFF Command By BMS" point. If it's 0, it transitions to StandbyState.
* 2. It reads the "Fault Code" point. If it's non-zero, it transitions to FailState,
* passing the corresponding alarm description.
*
* If no transition occurs, it applies the strategies defined for the running state.
*
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
* @return A pointer to a new State if a transition should occur, otherwise nullptr.
*/
template<>
State<ModbusRTU>* RunningState<ModbusRTU>::update(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// STATE control, add conditions if change to a different state is needed
Serial.println("Running update function");
// Apply any strategies defined for the standby state
_applyStrategies(equipment);
return nullptr;
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when entering the running state.
* Sets the "Chiller Sts" point to indicate the unit is running.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void RunningState<ModbusRTU>::enterState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Logic to run when the equipment enters this state
Serial.println("Enter Running State...");
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when exiting the running state.
* Sets the "Chiller Sts" point to indicate the unit is no longer running.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void RunningState<ModbusRTU>::exitState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Cleanup logic to run when the equipment leaves this state
Serial.println("Exit Running State...");
}

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/**
* @file State_Standby.cpp
* @brief Implementation of the StandbyState class.
* @author Emmanuel Hernandez Cruz
* @date 2025-09-05
*
* This file contains the implementation for the StandbyState, which defines
* the behavior of the equipment when it is in an idle or standby mode.
*/
#include "States/State_Running.h"
#include "States/State_Fail.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_Point.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_FloatDecorator.h"
#include "Equipment/Equipment.h"
#include "Strategies/Strategy_Ramp.h"
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#if defined(USE_MODBUS_IP)
#include <ModbusIP_ESP8266.h>
#else
#include <ModbusRTU.h>
#endif
/**
* @brief Constructs a new StandbyState object.
*
* In this state, the equipment is idle. This constructor initializes several
* strategies to generate random values for various status points, simulating
* a live but non-operational unit.
*/
template<>
StandbyState<ModbusRTU>::StandbyState() {
}
/**
* @brief Executes the standby state's logic for one update cycle.
*
* This method checks the "Chiller On-Off" Modbus point for a command to
* transition to the Running state. If no transition is requested, it applies
* the strategies defined for the standby state.
*
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
* @return A pointer to a new State if a transition should occur, otherwise nullptr.
*/
template<>
State<ModbusRTU>* StandbyState<ModbusRTU>::update(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// STATE control, add conditions if change to a different state is needed
Serial.println("Standby update function");
// Apply any strategies defined for the standby state
_applyStrategies(equipment);
return nullptr;
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when entering the standby state.
* Sets the "Chiller Sts" point to indicate the unit is not running.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void StandbyState<ModbusRTU>::enterState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Logic to run when the equipment enters this state
Serial.println("Enter Standby State...");
}
/**
* @brief Logic to execute once when exiting the standby state.
* @param equipment Pointer to the Equipment instance.
*/
template<>
void StandbyState<ModbusRTU>::exitState(Equipment<ModbusRTU>* equipment) {
// Cleanup logic to run when the equipment leaves this state
}

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/**
* @file config.h
* @brief Main configuration file for the Daikin Chiller (RTU) emulator.
* @author Emmanuel Hernandez Cruz
* @date 2025-09-02
*
* This file contains important configurations for the Modbus RTU communication
* and the specific register map for the emulated device.
*/
#ifndef CONFIG_H
#define CONFIG_H
#include <ModbusRTU.h>
#include "core.h"
#include "Equipment/Equipment.h"
#if defined(USE_MODBUS_IP)
/**
* @defgroup ModbusTCPConfig Modbus IP Configuration
* @brief Parameters for Modbus TCP communication.
* @{
*/
#include <ModbusIP_ESP8266.h>
const char *ssid = "wifi_name"; /**< @brief The SSID of the WiFi network. */
const char *password = "wifi_password"; /**< @brief The password for the WiFi network. */
IPAddress local_IP(192, 168, 1, 234); /**< @brief The static IP address for the device. */
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1); /**< @brief The gateway IP address. */
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0); /**< @brief The subnet mask. */
ModbusIP mb;
#else
/**
* @defgroup ModbusRTUConfig Modbus RTU Configuration
* @brief Parameters for serial Modbus RTU communication.
* @{
*/
#include <ModbusRTU.h>
const int BAUDRATE = 19200; /**< @brief The serial communication speed in bits per second. */
const int RX_PIN = 17; /**< @brief The GPIO pin used for receiving data (RX). */
const int TX_PIN = 16; /**< @brief The GPIO pin used for transmitting data (TX). */
const int RST_PIN = 4; /**< @brief The GPIO pin connected to the RS485 driver's DE/RE pins for direction control. */
const int MODBUS_ID = 1; /**< @brief The unique slave ID for this device on the Modbus bus. */
/** @} */
/** @brief Global instance of the Modbus RTU server. */
ModbusRTU mb;
#endif
/**
* @brief The Modbus map for the Equipment device.
* This array defines all the Modbus points available on the emulated device.
* The `description` field is crucial as it's used to look up points within the application logic.
*/
modbusMap mb_map[] =
{
{HR, 100, 0, "State Control"}, //Internal to control from Modscan
{HR, 101, 0, "Fault Code"},
{HR_FLOAT, 102, 0, "Supply Temp"},
{HR, 0, 0, "Chiller Local-Network"},
{HR, 1, 0, "Chiller Enable Output"},
{HR, 2, 0, "Run Enabled"},
{HR, 3, 0, "Chiller Capacity Limited"},
{HR, 4, 0, "Alm Digital Output"},
{HR, 6, 0, "Evap Flow Switch Sts"},
{HR, 7, 0, "Cond Flow Switch Sts"},
{HR, 8, 0, "Chiller On-Off"},
{HR, 9, 0, "Chiller Enable SP"},
{HR, 10, 0, "Clear Alm"},
{HR, 11, 0, "Chiller Mode Output"},
{HR_10x, 12, 0, "Active SP"},
{HR_10x, 13, 0, "Actual Capacity"},
{HR_10x, 14, 0, "Active Capacity Limit"},
{HR, 15, 0, "Chiller Sts"},
{HR_10x, 16, 0, "Evap Entering Fluid Temp"},
{HR_10x, 17, 0, "Evap Leaving Fluid Temp"},
{HR, 18, 0, "Evap Fluid Flow Rate"},
{HR_10x, 19, 0, "Cond Entering Fluid Temp"},
{HR_10x, 20, 0, "Cond Leaving Fluid Temp"},
{HR, 21, 0, "Cond Fluid Flow Rate"},
{HR_10x, 24, 0, "Outdoor Air Temp"},
{HR, 25, 0, "Chiller Current"},
{HR, 27, 0, "Total Kw"},
{HR, 28, 0, "Warning Alm Idx"},
{HR, 29, 0, "Problem Alm Idx"},
{HR, 30, 0, "Fault Alm Idx"},
{HR, 31, 0, "Warning Alm Code"},
{HR, 32, 0, "Problem Alm Code"},
{HR, 33, 0, "Fault Alm Code"},
{HR, 34, 0, "Chiller Mode SP"},
{HR_10x, 35, 0, "Cool SP"},
{HR_10x, 36, 0, "Ice SP"},
{HR_10x, 38, 0, "Capacity Limit SP"},
{HR_10x, 39, 0, "Cond Refrig Pressure"},
{HR_10x, 40, 0, "Cond Saturated Refrig Temp"},
{HR_10x, 41, 0, "Evap Refrig Pressure"},
{HR_10x, 42, 0, "Evap Saturated Refrig Temp"},
{HR, 65, 0, "Comp Suction Refrig Temp"},
{HR_10x, 68, 0, "Comp Discharge Refrig Temp"},
{HR, 69, 0, "Comp1 Percent RLA"},
{HR, 70, 0, "Comp1 Current"},
{HR, 71, 0, "Comp Voltage"},
{HR, 72, 0, "Comp Power"},
{HR, 73, 0, "Comp Starts"},
{HR, 74, 0, "Comp Run Hours"},
{HR, 75, 0, "Comp Run Hours"},
{HR, 82, 0, "Comp2 Percent RLA"},
{HR, 303, 0, "Evap Pump Run Hours"},
{HR, 304, 0, "Evap Pump Run Hours"},
{HR, 305, 0, "Evap Pump Sts"},
{HR, 316, 0, "Units"},
{HR, 317, 0, "Chiller Model"},
{HR, 1849, 0, "Oil Feed Pessure"},
{HR, 1854, 0, "Wtrside Econo State"},
{HR, 1855, 0, "Wtrside Econo En SP"},
};
//Size of modbus map used in FOR cycles, automatically calculated.
/**
* @brief The total number of entries in the `mb_map` array.
* This is calculated at compile time and used for iterating over the map.
*/
const int map_size = sizeof(mb_map) / sizeof(mb_map[0]);
/**
* @brief The main loop update interval in milliseconds.
*/
int interval = 250;
#endif // CONFIG_H

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/**
* @file main.cpp
* @brief Main execution program for the Daikin Chiller (RTU) Emulator.
* @author Emmanuel Hernandez Cruz
* @date 2025-09-02
*
* @details This file contains the main execution program for an Arduino-based
* emulator of a Daikin Chiller unit. The program communicates via the
* Modbus RTU protocol over a serial connection.
*
* The setup() function initializes the following:
* - Serial communication for debugging.
* - A Modbus RTU server with parameters from config.h.
* - Modbus points (Coils, Holding Registers, etc.) based on a predefined map in config.h.
*
* The loop() function continuously:
* - Services the Modbus RTU server to handle incoming requests.
* - Periodically calls the main update loop for the emulated equipment, which
* manages state transitions and behavior strategies.
*
* @see config.h for Modbus RTU and register map configuration.
* @see Equipment.h for the main equipment logic.
* @see State.h for different equipment states.
* @see Strategies/Strategy_Behavior.h for value generation strategies.
* @see Modbus_Point.h for the base class for all Modbus points.
*/
//=================================================================================================================================
//Libraries and declaration of variables.
#include <Arduino.h>
#include "config.h"
#include "ModbusPoints/Modbus_PointFactory.h"
//=================================================================================================================================
/**
* @brief Initializes the application.
* @details This function runs once at startup. It configures the serial communication
* for debugging and the Modbus RTU server. It then creates and initializes all
* the Modbus points based on the `mb_map` array in `config.h`.
*/
const int rtsPin = 4;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Setup function started");
Serial2.begin(BAUDRATE, SERIAL_8N1, RX_PIN, TX_PIN);
mb.begin(&Serial2, RST_PIN); // Start the server
mb.slave(MODBUS_ID); // Set the slave ID
for(int i = 0; i < map_size; i++){
Modbus_Point<ModbusRTU>* point = createModbus_Point(&mb, mb_map[i].category, mb_map[i].address, mb_map[i].value, mb_map[i].description);
if (point) {
point->addToModbusServer();
EquipmentInstance.addModbus_Point(mb_map[i].description, point);
}
}
Serial.println("Setup function ended");
}
//=================================================================================================================================
/**
* @brief The main application loop.
* @details This function runs repeatedly after setup() has completed. It performs two main actions:
* 1. It continuously services the Modbus server by calling `mb.task()` to handle
* incoming requests from a Modbus master.
* 2. At a fixed interval (defined in `config.h`), it calls `EquipmentInstance.update()`
* to run the emulator's internal state machine and behavior logic.
*/
void loop() {
mb.task();
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {
previousMillis = currentMillis;
unsigned long startTime = millis();
EquipmentInstance.update();
unsigned long endTime = millis();
unsigned long elapsedTime = endTime - startTime;
Serial.printf("Control Execution time: %d ms\n", elapsedTime);
}
}